Resin change the whole motherboard revealed inside story! Engineers teach you choose motherboard. .
Release date: 2006-01-06, author: Edit: zhongyang madman.
Editor's Note: Due to a motherboard production is more complex, involving more knowledge point, so be patient and read carefully, we will insert in the text parameter selection board knowledge, whether novice or expert, whether you visited board factory, the reading will bring you a new feeling, this was a trip diary is also learning materials, I hope you read the post after the text from the benefit we hope to see you after reading a fair response, good board difficult, do not curse motherboard consumers more difficult. .
As more and more types of motherboard, not too familiar with the computer, or just the threshold into the computer's friends, to buy a motherboard is indeed a very worry about things, when a merchant one motherboard to say "look, this is xx xx high-grade capacitor chipset has, look at the alignment, you can definitely be a cable manufacturers", Word can then say don't understand will be laughing at the rookie, said understand heart also eg.
Do not worry, this will lead you Sharu board factory, through a series of detailed board manufacturing process, watched school, this time, Xiao Bian purpose is to create hardware masters want you to play the next, no one would have dared 忽悠 you ! Masters are, you do not go away, you do not know many of them secret, this also allows you a thorough understanding. In the past we have seen from the plate change the course of BMW, today we go to learn how to change motherboard resin. .
Read this article you will get the following two points:.
1, in-depth understanding of motherboard manufacturing process (curious how the board is born). .
2. learn how to pick a good market Board (good motherboards and good production inseparable).
3, about brand-name motherboard with different price and performance (design materials, manufacturing processes, testing methods bring different). .
Let's first have a motherboard manufacturing, so much more convenient to read later.
Intel, AMD processors co-exist! Gemini PF88 Extreme motherboard - Technical Innovation Award. .
■ Motherboard production overview.
How the birth of a motherboard? . .
Board production generally need five large steps, Assembly processes are as follows:.
PCB and the components of the test - SMT SMT production line - DIP plug production line - line product testing - Packaging and sampling. .
Word: a bare PCB Board with SMT (Surface Mounted Technology SMT) technology machine will "stick", all of the chip, then hands the capacitance, CPU memory slot and who gave me an extra, and finally through the crest/reflow soldering process each piece firmly mounted on a Board was born.
Is not very easy ah? With a relaxed mood while watching the while learning it, we the road! . .
This goal, the elite board factory.
Destinations: Shenzhen, elite motherboard factory. .
Probably a lot of people especially players on elite boards have prejudices, and hope that this visit we hold ordinary looking, last seen many also learned a lot. 13 September 2001 had visited the factories, the elite elite motherboard also has the original 2001 15 million pieces/year, and has now been broken 2600 million pieces, change is enormous, so this visit will allow us to see many of the changes in the past have visited the factory's friends don't go away, Oh.
Elite ECSM (ECSMANUFACTURING) board now has three large factories, which are processed and the processing chassis connector Long Teng Factory (Connector / Cable), also manufacture PCB boards Xin Compal Communications (PCBFactory), motherboard Xinmao plant (M / BFactory), but after this visit that the two factories, PCB and motherboard manufacturers. .
Map of the factory.
As the world's leading suppliers of IT components, only the self-production of spare parts, to effectively control costs, this is the so-called "vertical integration" advantage. Cost savings in terms of the factory cost of nowhere Xinmao only 40 minutes from Lo Wu, standing at Longhua only 50 minutes from Shenzhen International Airport is only 75 minutes away, where the board generally sold by sea and air around the world, with more season air. .
At first we wanted to do a whole presentation.
Why elite motherboard can sell so cheap? Production for cost control through the board. .
The introduction of the finished Board production, you will not repeat cheap is of poor quality, there are many more reasons, manufacturers of strong, effective control of production costs, this visit, I hope everybody can see. Better boards is "good", based on the cheap.
Elite motherboard, why could always sell their products low prices, but the quality is quite good. In addition to marketing, procurement of raw materials has great advantages, actively integrate the upstream resources to the absolute count of the most important strategy. .
Because the bonded area's elite factory is basically responsible for global product availability, so they must be conducive to the production site, and to the airport terminal for easy transportation.
Classic style vertical integration in the implementation of procurement and production, production motherboards, notebooks required PCB board, connectors, cables, mold plant rests with the elite or the relationship between its businesses, not only help control costs and quality, and efficiency high, such as the elite production of PCB board Proactive, production tooling and connectors, cables are on the Sakon Lung-teng, or even just an hour can be materials available. Xinmao location is also very easy to transport, the port from the top of the building looked originally found in close proximity, the large number of container terminals visible. .
It is well known that the motherboard manufacturing needs large scale production, at the same time because of the wide variety of accessories, so a single elite assembly line to the Mainland is meaningless, it was introduced, the ECS elite in Shenzhen, Dongguan and other places successively established a board factory, connectors and PCB mill factory, and motherboard manufacturing related accessories products within one hour to complete delivery, full protection board products production.
With large-scale production, coupled with the elite have set the whole industry chain in Shenzhen, the motherboard manufacturing costs have also been well controlled. The above two advantages, we also saw in the market with affordable elite motherboard. .
Factory overview.
ECS was founded in 1987 and was listed in 1994 in Taiwan, 1988 to 1996 has gradually established a global sales channel, to reach a monthly capacity of 1,000,000 in 2000 motherboards, 2002, to reach a monthly capacity of 2,200,000 motherboard chip, motherboard grow into the world's largest supplier of design and manufacture and sale of the current elite products including motherboards, mobile PC, notebook computers, barebone, card, LCD integrated machine and information home appliances, and in order to enhance product competitiveness, in addition to R & D remain in Taiwan, the elite has Xinmao all moved to the motherboard works to achieve 100% of all motherboards made。.
Elite motherboard in the market in the Distribution Issues considerable amount, and because of superior cost performance, accounting for the majority of low-end market, visited the factory in this before, ECS plant related to the elite of the capacity has already been introduced, the current elite Free Trade Zone is located in Sha Tau Kok Xinmao production base within the 67 SMT lines, 18 hand-suture, 18 packaging line and two test pilot line, plant area of 11. .4 Million square meters, about 7200 employees, authentic card monthly production capacity of 2.2 million, additional cards and small plates of monthly production capacity of 1.5 million. .
Why do you want to learn about PCB manufacturing?.
Understand the PCB board manufacturing, the first we can learn when to buy motherboard comparison, if the same performance and buy a cheaper motherboard prices, every penny well spent. Secondly, we can also compare the time of purchase of the motherboard between the ability of brand manufacturers, PCB's work can not ignore Oh. .
Garden plants.
Now we come into the elite Xin Compal Communications PCB manufacturing plant, it is so far the largest PCB board manufacturing base, making visits before the introduction, we first introduce a typical PCB factory of its production processes, as shown below :. .
Lining material → press → production → → → drilling in the outer copper solder lacquer production → → → text printing printing surface treatment ?ú external processing.
In short, PCB manufacturing process of glass epoxy resin (Glass Epoxy) or similar material made of PCB "substrate" Start. The first step is to draw the production of optical components between the line of wiring, the method is to use negative transfer (Subtractive transfer) approach to design a good PCB circuit board wiring film "print" in the metal conductor. .
Spacious factory.
Motherboard mostly 4 layer PCB. Often made their first two intermediate rolling, cutting, etching, oxidation, after plating, the four layers are the surface components, power level, pressure level strata, and solder. Then put together the 4 layer motherboard rolled into one PCB. .
Bao an Office of the CEO's motto, successfully suspended..
Open office environment, team communication are very important. .
Bao an factory efficiency standards.
PCB marked factory manufacturing process. .
Then, through-hole punch. Wash out after a two-tier line printing, deposited copper, etching, testing, solder mask layer, silk screen printing. Finally the full-page PCB (including many boards) stamping its Board PCB, and then pass the test after vacuum packaging.
Tips: PCB (printed circuit board) of raw materials what is it? . .
We all know that there is something called the "glass", this kind of material in our daily lives, such as the fire source visible cloth, fire protection mats core is the glass fiber, glass fiber is very easy and resin, we put the compact, high-strength glass fiber sheet of resin, hardening immersing the thermal insulation, less flexible PCB substrate--if the PCB edge is broken, the white layer, made of resin and glass fiber. Then? light insulation plates we can't pass signals at the surface, thus you may want to review. So we put the PCB Board also called copper substrate. In the factory, the code is common copper substrate FR-4, the various board makers in general there is no difference inside, so we can think we are in the same starting line, of course, if high-frequency board, preferably higher-cost copper clad glass cloth PTFE laminate. .
This section mainly through the design of the circuit board, can help you in choosing a motherboard.
Because not visit, so primarily carried out to explain in words. PCB, single-sided PCB, double-sided PCB, multilayer PCB, flexible printed circuit boards. .
Double-sided printed circuit board side printed wiring board/double.
That both sides have a Printed Circuit Board Conductive graphics. Commonly used substrate is epoxy glass cloth sheet, epoxy glass cloth panels and epoxy phenolic board. The electrical properties of the substrate requirements applicable to the higher communication equipment, computer and instrumentation. As the two-sided routing, and general graphics on both sides of the conductive connecting through holes through metal, so there is a higher wiring density, easy to use features. According to different requirements, the production method can be used screen printing method or photochemical methods. .
Circuit board design.
In general, the printed circuit board design the basic integrity of the process can be roughly divided into the following three steps:. .
1. schematic diagram design:.
Schematic design is to use protel 99 schematic design system (Advanced Schematic) Draw a circuit diagram. Designers should make full use protel 99 provides a powerful and complete schematic drawing tools, testing tools, simulation tools and a variety of editing functions, to achieve its purpose, finally get a correct and fine circuit schematics in order to Next, prepare the work. .
Table 2, generate network.
Network table is schematic circuit design (sch) and printed circuit board design (PCB) bridge and link between, it is automatically printed wiring board design basis and the soul. Web tables can be generated by the circuit diagram, you can have money from the system board to extract. .
3. money making circuit board design.
Printed circuit board design mainly for protel 99 Another powerful design system --- the money system in terms of circuit board design system for PCB's, designers can take advantage of protel 99 provides unmatched features a powerful PCB to achieve the printed circuit board design. .
In short, the PCB design process first draw circuit schematics, and then by the circuit schematic file generation network tables, and finally in PCB design system based on network tables complete the autorouting process. You can also directly under circuit schematics for manual routing without the need to build a network list. After completing the wiring work, you can use the printer or plotter for output to print. In addition, users in the design process may still completing other work, such as creating your own component libraries, edit the new symbol, generate reports, etc..
Understanding of the circuit board design of the basic steps, is not that design an own board is not a difficult up. In fact to really design a piece to meet the technical requirements, functional, reasonable and reliable, practical, beautiful board will not happen overnight do. .
The Board itself is insulating substrate is not easy to bend the material produced by. On the surface you can see the tiny circuit materials are copper, copper foil is coverage of the entire Board, and in the manufacturing process of etching was disposed of, the remaining portion becomes a mesh of tiny lines. These lines are called conductor (conductor pattern) or wiring, used to deliver the parts on the PCB circuit connection.
■ from the design on motherboard purchase. .
PCB alignment is strictly follows the clock line concept of equal length.
Motherboard design is not only shortening the North Bridge chip and CPU, memory slot and the alignment between the AGP slot length, and ensure that clock lines long. As the high-speed operation of the signal, the length of the lines are very sensitive, ranging from long lines will cause the clock signal is not synchronized, then cause system instability. .
?? Board buy secrets.
Multi-line board walk by adjusting the length of the snake. While hunting line alignment with ways to reduce the electromagnetic radiation (EMI) on the motherboard and other parts of the body, Bimian monotonous high-speed digital signal interference board of various parts of the normal work, as much as possible the radiation absorption board . .
Motherboard hunting line.
While in the Shi Yong hunting line, we pay full attention to regulating the various parts of the motherboard Xianlumidu differences, attention Zhuban uniform wiring neatly run along turn angle of 135 degrees is not Xiaoyu, to ensure Zhuban not Yinguo Duo line locating Buju walk through dense The uneven density, in order not to bring Quality. There are two lines you need to pay attention to:. .
Uniform wiring board, neatly alignment greater than turning angle of 135 degrees.
1, first and foremost, Clock (clock) line. Citation from the clock chip Clock line must be kept out of work in tandem to ensure that lead to the result of some parts of the Clock line is so long. You will see some lines on the motherboard around the eight round seven, and that is Clock line. Clock line while the data than the normal line, address line width of some, this is because strong Clock line transmission of the signal, and a greater length, in order to reduce signal attenuation, Clock line must do width (wire cross section was increased, the resistance smaller). .
2, followed by the data cable. The current data line has 64, to keep from D0 to the length of the line D63 difference of not more than one value, it will cause problems.
Misunderstandings board traces. .
Though hunting line is above these benefits, it is not to say that in a design Board alignment with hunting line. Because too many of Board alignment would result in the Board layout of the label, the quality of the motherboard. Good alignment should enable motherboard sections line density differences are not large, and should as far as possible, evenly distributed, it is easy to cause instability in the motherboard.
The actual shooting board: motherboard using serpentine lines. .
On a motherboard with hunting line for two reasons:.
1, to ensure alignment of lines of equal length. Because the CPU to the Northbridge chip as the clock line, which is different from ordinary home appliances circuit board lines with these lines about the frequency of 100MHz high-speed operation of the signal, the length of the lines are very sensitive. Ranging from long lines will cause the clock signal is not synchronized, then causes system instability. Therefore, some lines must be bent to adjust the length of the alignment means. .
2, reduce electromagnetic emissions (EMI) on board the remaining parts and human impact. Because of the high speed digital signal monotonous interfere in various parts of the motherboard. Typically, the motherboard manufacturer to suppress EMI a simple method is to design a snake-like lines to absorb radiation.
Does not cause bad motherboard design problem. .
Wiring unreasonable can cause electromagnetic interference (EMI), interface to produce panic. Alignment can not be too straight too long. Straight will cause capacitive effect (especially high-frequency), making it run faster or frequency limitations, high frequency will cause program interruption or panic; wiring unreasonable can cause elements displayed unreasonable, making the card is not in place, but also prone to failure.
Good engineer can just look at the motherboard design, you know that design quality is good or bad. You might consider themselves not so strong, but the next time you get the motherboard or the graphics card, we might first appreciate the beauty of it what PCB design. .
We certainly want to see PCB ask PCB so much how to glue layer. Deeper than that, we still want to use a simple schematic clearly.
Short description: a typical four-layer board (in accordance with the order of points 1 to 4 layers, 1 / 4 is the outer layer, signal layer 2 / 3 is the inner layer, ground and power planes), respectively, first and then do 1 / 2 and 3 / 4 (with a substrate), then two stick to a substrate. But here is no ordinary glue binder, but the softening state of the resin material, it is first insulated, followed by thin, good adhesion with the substrate. We call it PP material, its thickness and size is a gel (resin) content. .
Po hearing board punching processing workshop.
PCB (printed circuit board). It is the substrate, usually by the motherboard manufacturer based on the current popular motherboard chipset, CPU and update the technology in design, the motherboard is the difference between the model and the performance determined at this time. In the complete circuit board design came out, to the professional manufacturer for PCB production. If a motherboard makers have their own PCB design and manufacturing facilities, then this link will save costs and prepare for the control of costs. .
At present the domestic famous brand Board production plants are usually provided by the parent company of Taiwan's PCB production manufacturing, while others are not well-known brand is the purchase of other companies design PCB OEM production by some professional factory. So in a way, the actual manufacturing process is also a professional packaging process.
PCB circuit boards generally have four points, highest and lowest signal level under two is the middle layer and two power planes are grounded, the ground and power planes in the middle, so the signal line can easily be amended . Some motherboards require higher PCB levels up to 6-8 or more. .
Now most of the PCB is a four-layer Board-hongshengfa PCB design, PCB design, more technical, here. But note that some of the cheap production PCB boards, due to its design flaws, often there is a leaked and electromagnetic induction and the monitor to normal display even affect other household electrical appliances in use, it is also a low-priced brand-name Board and the Board of one of the differences.
Have been processed through the PCB hole circuit board. .
Production of multilayer PCB, follow the above steps to make just a single-panel, even if the two sides are double-pane, but we often find ourselves in the hands of the card is a four-storey plate or six laminates (8 layers Board), what made?.
■ How to identify PCB layers? . .
Manufacturers, card thickness has a certain specification, the need to ensure that all inserted into the card slot, so basically four-storey plate and six laminates are used the same thickness, just six laminates substrate will do so thin, generally 4-layer Board and six laminates, we are unable to distinguish, here is a more general way, the reference to use.
Multilayer circuit connection is buried holes and blind holes through technology, motherboards and graphics cards usually use 4 layer PCB board, but some are using 6,8-floor, or even 10 layers of PCB board. To see that the number of PCB layers, vias can be by observing the identification, because the motherboard and graphics card to use the 4 layers are 1, 4 layer alignment, and other layers of other purposes (ground and power). .
Elite motherboard using multilayer PCB.
Therefore, as with the double plate, PCB board pilot hole will be penetrated. If the pilot hole in the PCB board, some positive, while they were not found in the negative, then necessarily 6 / 8 layers of the. Positive and negative if the PCB board can be found in the same pilot hole, that is 4 layers of natural. .
Tips: will the motherboard or video card to a light source, if guided hole position light, is a 6/8 laminates; on the contrary it is a 4-layer Board.
Now PP is the insulation material, there are so multi-layer board, how do we achieve the interconnection between layers? . .
We bonded multi-layer boards before you also need to drill holes drilled hole! you can place the copper circuit board on it, and then let the hole with copper, so is not equivalent to line up the circuit wires? this hole we call via (hole Plating, hereinafter referred to as PT hole).
Workshop must be strictly controlled temperature of 15 degrees below. What not to do so in order to create a comfortable working environment, but because of very high speed drill, like change the way tens of thousands per minute. Such a high speed, great heat, in addition to a number of machines installed water-cooled equipment, the ambient temperature to ensure low enough. .
Three-dimensional coordinates of the three digits after the decimal point (mm), very high precision CNC machine tool, workers use manual clamping methods come fully error, but machine tool, CNC machines themselves error depends on the precision, PCB wiring at design time, you need to take this into account.
The size of the hole board in accordance with parts to determine the diameter of pin. If the board have different types of pin parts, then because the machine can not use the same drill all the holes drilled, the relative comparison of time-consuming, but also the relatively representative of the manufacturing cost. .
Hundreds of holes in the motherboard to one hour of processing enough!.
Here, readers will doubt, that the signal between the multilayer is not to turn it? . .
These holes need drilling machines, modern drilling function drilled a small hole is very small and very shallow holes, a motherboard with hundreds or thousands of different size in depth of the hole, we use a high speed drilling machine to drill at least an hour before drilling. Drilling hole, we then make the hole plating (this technique is called plated-through hole technology, Plated-Through-Hole technology, PTH) hole conduction.
Multi-bit precision CNC drilling machines, rows of neatly Pvt performed very imposing. Plane accuracy up to ± 3mil about this stuff on the domestic price of a single value of one million yuan! . .
BITS uses soon required detection (a few times I need to do to learn more about), because of the severe impact drill wear their life and the degree of accuracy, using drill hole with a different color. A scientific and rational.
PCB factory has no power to see to see how many of the main drilling platform, and generally regarded as manufacturers of at least 100 sets. This "small" shop on crowded with 46 units, but this is only a small part of Proactive only! . .
In each stack of pending processing PCB above, are covered with a metal plate, its role is to protect the PCB Board, in the process, help the PCB and drill heat.
If the production of the multi-layer PCB board, and the inside contains the buried hole or blind hole, then glued each layer before the board in the first drilling and electroplating. After this step, if not, then there is no way connected with each other. .
Demand under drill drilling machine, device, it must go through the hole-bi plating (plated-through hole technology, Plated-Through-Hole technology, PTH). In kongbi metal processing, you can let the inner layers line to each connection. Before you begin, you must first plating cleaned up for incidentals. This is because the resin epoxy compounds in the heating will produce some chemical change, and it will cover internal PCB layer, so you want to be cleaned up. Clear and electroplating action will be completed in the chemical process.
If the PCB production process of copper deposition was well, there will be Fastened phenomenon, easily hidden short-circuit or capacitive effects (prone to interference). Vias on a PCB is also important to note. If the hole is not playing in the middle, but leaning towards one side, will produce uneven match, or the easy and intermediate power level or stratigraphic contact, resulting in short circuit or ground potential negative factors. .
Used to exposure-clean room, exposure machine complete image transfer work in clean room?.
Because the dust will be refracted light, which will inevitably lead to the transfer to dry on the road map distortion. Even more serious is the dust particles will stick on the plate block light open or short circuit caused by impurities. So clean room lighting is yellow, which is for what? Original photosensitive dry film is not sensitive to the yellow light will not light, and photographic film which can not be exposed to the sun in a small dark room under green light but nothing is a reason. .
How to design a good circuit drawings, on the motherboard for the Copier? now to enter the exposure of the group.
Use of negative transfer (Subtractive transfer) method will work the performance of the metal conductor film. This technique is the entire surface covered with a thin layer of copper foil, and to eliminate the extra part. .
This is a complete motherboard after exposure.
First, we will board the circuit design printed film using lithography. .
Pressure on the membrane and tablets, exposing internal use UV ultraviolet.
To a kind of sensitive and specific spectrum of light-sensitive chemical reaction on the dry film covering the substrate. The challenge of the PCB manufacturers are fine wires and empty compartment. Fine line etching depends on the conditions and equipment to etch the copper foil thickness. By using ultra-thin copper foil, can achieve a higher pass rate. However, before etching fine line products, equipment must be set. .
Dry film is divided into two kinds, optical light aggregate type and type, light aggregate-type dry film in particular spectrum of optical radiation are water-soluble substances from hardened into a water-insoluble, and light-vice-versa. By photopolymerization of photosensitive dry film first CAP in the substrate, and then cover with a layer of circuitry film let the exposure of the local black opaque, transparent (line).
By exposure to the photosensitive dry film on the film, all through the light transparent film on the darker parts of the dry film started hardening, tightly wrap the foil substrate surface, as the road map printed on the same substrate, then we have been imaging procedure (using sodium carbonate solution wash away unhardened dry), so do not need the protection of the copper foil exposed dry film, which is called stripping (Stripping) process. .
We then use etching copper liquid (corrosion of copper and chemical) substrate for etching, dry film protection of copper fiasco, sclerosis of the dry film of the roadmap is so in the substrate. This whole process is called "image transfer", which in the PCB manufacturing process in occupies a very important position.
[Poparticle_page colorful motherboard, black to better performance than the yellow? (006000051,00307,,)] motherboard production requires a lot of welding, if the direct welding, will have two serious consequences:. .
First, the Board surface copper oxidation, welding is not; 2 lines and the spacing between the lines is too small, resulting in a welding phenomenon seriously.
Therefore, we must re-package the PCB substrate on the outside layer of protection, which is Solder Mask, which is commonly known as solder. It does not have affinity to the liquid solder, and in particular light in the spectrum will change and hardening, the characteristics and dry film similar to the board we see the color, in fact, Solder Mask color, if the Solder Mask is green, then the board is green, there is no difference in performance will be arranged according to the needs of manufacturers. .
PCB surface may affect weldability is capable of stencil printing and mounting. In a determination of PCB surface finishing paint what template test printing process, select the three most popular surface treatment methods: the hot air solder (HASL, hot-air solder leveling), organic solderability protection layer (OSP, organic solderability preservatives) and immersion NI/au (immersion nickel/gold).
Room temperature must be maintained at 24 ± 2 ℃, relative humidity 40% ~ 65%, which is to ensure that the size of PCB substrate and the film stability. .
Because the composition of the Board and film materials are organic polymer material, very sensitive to temperature and humidity. Only the entire production process is the same temperature and humidity, can guarantee Board and film does not occur with mandrel phenomenon, so now the PCB factory production areas are equipped with central air conditioning and humidity control. If you exceed the limit, and as the temperature alarm function.
Test PCB for shorts or open circuit condition, you can use optical or electronic means test. Optical scanning methods to identify defects in each layer, the electronic testing is usually Flying detector (Flying-Probe) to check all connections. E-test short circuit or open circuit in the search for more accurate, but the optical test can more easily detect incorrect gap between conductor problem. .
Workers are using automatic optical inspection machine for the appearance of "bare board quality test".
Here is a need to introduce equipment, AOI (Automatic Optical Inspection, Automatic Optical Inspection), which has high magnification function, AOI can be the appearance of bare board quality testing. .
AOI optics, computer graphic recognition, automatic control of multidisciplinary in a high-tech products, its interior there are hundreds of plate surface defect pattern features. When the operator first fixed in plant quarantine, AOI will use laser Locator accurate positioning of the CCD camera to scan the entire Board. The resulting patterns abstracted and missing pattern than the right, in order to determine the PCB production lines. Like the common line gap, short circuit, etching, can find out by virtue of AOI. You can indicate the type of problem AOI, as well as the location of the fraternities.
Into a second inspection, the surface must be clean, check for excessive stripping and fine lines. .
This price in more than 30 million devices is considered early PCB factory high symbolic, as the use of AOI can effectively increase the yield, prevent scrap for the production of multilayer Board is very cost-effective, so now the device is also AOI PCB factory prerequisites have been installed.
Patch area: a cruel waste thrown away, a problem focus to this "interrogation." .
The following is the workers according to the feedback of the PCB, and depending on the problem, the problem is too big patch all return processing and manufacturing.
PCB levels detected between the main circuit connection and conductivity. .
During a visit to the last PCB factory needs to introduce PCB RoHS specifications, want to capture. The EU to 27 January 2003, RoHS promulgated by the official (i.e., the prohibition in electrical and electronic products in the use of certain toxic substances regulations "), which is this year, from 1 July 2006 onwards, ban lead and other toxic substances 5 in electronic products, to deliberately abandoned Electronics has developed a mandatory recycling requirements.
Discredited in the six-color PCB board. .
In fact, Japan early in 2001, promulgated the regulations on electronic products "to lead" for recycling, while the US legislation requiring the use of materials of the product, the "lead" weight percentage exceeding 0. .1 percent required for the record, on the violation of the above provisions of the Enterprise shall be sentenced to 2. .5 million fine.
Finally, we appreciate the elite Proactive final product plate factory it is indeed fine art. .
Board of environmental protection is introduced in the world of environmental protection, March 2004, the China electronic information industry Ministry pollution prevention management approach ", this is China's first electronic information products pollution control laws. Now only a few manufacturers have their own lead-free technology, elite Po at the factory is one of the leading sex, small plants are more difficult to survive, especially to go international branded line of motherboards.
Motherboard production to meet the needs of a number of elite investors Lung Teng and XINHUA built two plants, Long Teng produces connectors and enclosures such as plastic, metal and other products, such as memory slots, the motherboard on a variety of interfaces, in addition to including notebook computer case, PC case. The most famous product when Apple notebook case number, AMP brand connectors. XINHUA mainly engaged in the elite board of the PCB board production, will also likely continue to expand the production scale. .
This is not the motherboard audio interface?.
Despite all the upstream firms are Xinmao, but the three companies still have some distance. Long Teng and XINHUA in Guangzhou-Shenzhen Highway, is within Dongguan, between about one hour's drive away. .
·Longteng factory, a computer must have AMP.
As already mentioned, Long Teng is the production of AMP brand connectors manufacturers. Familiar with the computer knows, the main connector on the board now has two brands, one is the Foxconn, the other is AMP. According to Long Teng enterprise quality employees, and now Long Teng plant can not only meet the needs of their own elite motherboard factory, but also supply other board factory. An industry has revealed that global motherboard production also in the 10 million a month or so, AMP connector on the motherboard can imagine the proportion of products. Brand quality is excellent, has received many awards. .
The Red interface is the print interface.
Long Teng plant products in the showroom we see its production within the Socket, DIMM, PCI, AGP, USB, COM, D-SUB and other parts, in fact, before this plant is the production of AMP components factory, only But it was the elite acquired it. According to manufacturers, said that these parts is completely self-sufficient. At the same time, they also make OEM for many brands, such as the past, we are familiar with the i-Buddie and Founder mobile PC's case, as well as Compaq, Lenovo's Chamberlain, TCL of titanium, wonderful series brand of chassis. .
When the treasure at the factory of the PCB, the Dragon factory plug plus, the capacitor etc accessories documentation after it has sent to the last factory-Jing Mao board factory. Here is the delivery of the motherboard, motherboard finally will be born here.
Factory premises arrangements, there are many secrets, like a pipeline, reasonable arrangement, but also can reduce production cycle, and ultimately control costs. Factory floor arrangement from top to bottom, according to production processes, the highest level of processing is completed the first working procedure all over sent down one floor. Here is the top charge of the general layout of SMT placement, and then sent to the downstairs of hand-plug cable, testing, sampling, packaging and other operations. .
Previous factories often, research and development, technical departments and separate from the site, so that the information exchange on delay, xinmao plant due to the increase in the floor, each building has more departments interact with information more easily, but to a certain extent, improving efficiency.
Motherboard roughly divided into three kinds of raw materials required, the most important is that patch components, is responsible for processing by the placement machine. There are some major components, such as vertical capacitor, interface devices, these plug-ins using the manual or automatic machine. Finally, some external devices, such as chips radiator, you need to manually install. .
SMT production line was installed a small SMD components and some artificial cannot complete multiple pin IC chip, the chip before PCB holes and welded joints of scraping on the solder paste, which is the use of scraping Tin machine to complete.
Elite quality policy: prevention and continuous improvement. .
A piece of elite motherboard design is complete, the production, of course, but before the first line in the trial production of a little trial run, and then test, before production.
Spacious, clean, well-organized office room. .
Xinmao factory mainly for finished PCB Mounter cord, manual patch cord, test packing line, and several road, the main production processes. Monthly output of 220 pieces/month motherboard!.
Here is the legendary board SMT production line. .
Here you can see the motherboard model number, part number, program output and actual output, difference, quality objectives, rates and adoption rates.
■ Tips: SMD packaging technologies. .
◎ Insertion type packaging technology (Through Hole Technology).
The parts placed in the board's side, and pin soldered on the other side, this technique called "plug-in (Through Hole Technology, THT)" package. This part will take a lot of space, and want to drill a hole in each pin. In fact, so they pin down both sides of the total space, and joints are also larger.But on the other hand, THT parts and SMT (Surface Mounted Technology, surface mount type) parts, and PCB connection structure better, on this point we later on. Like cable outlet, and a similar interface requires extreme pressure, so usually they are THT package.
◎ surface adhesive packaging technology (Surface Mounted Technology). .
Use the surface self-adhesive type package (Surface Mounted Technology, SMT) parts, the PIN is welded in the same part. This kind of technology do for each pin of welding, and are in the PCB drill holes. -Surface adhesive parts, even on both sides are welded on.
SMT parts are smaller than the THT. And the use of THT components compared with PCB, PCB board using SMT technology-intensive parts to many. SMT packaged parts are also cheaper than the THT's. Therefore, most of today's PCB, SMT, natural wonder. .
As a result of a variety of straight plug-ins are to be carried out at high temperatures, in order to ensure that the core has been SMD components (chipset-South Bridge,) are not in this procedure, first in the motherboard back onto the insulation blanket. While the original intention of this procedure can improve product qualified rate, you can set the Board during the manufacturing process due to potential failures and chronic failure rate drops to lowest!.
PCB board line, the first PCB, solder paste coated to facilitate follow-up welding. .
Automatic Assembly machines, namely, into the machine, bending machine, bending machine, the motherboard is in line to send them one by one, for SMD components and chip installed. In the SMT should do before various preparations, such as clamps, steel mesh, Mounter programming and inspection, testing, getting ready for bed, etc..
PCB board first to add a tin flux. .
The PCB on the scraping Tin machine sitting operation workers use a PCB pinhole and welded joints of the same steel mesh for counterpoint, this process can monitor observation to ensure accurate positioning. Then blow Tin machine coatings arm movements, through to the appropriate location of steel mesh will solder coating on the PCB. Upon completion of the operation, the operator must also override the PCB solder pastes are applied evenly, unbiased, and then on the SMT production lines.
Sony SMT, SMD components to complete the installation. .
Patch before installing Mounter front plate of raw materials, SMD components are attached to the raw disk transfer paper raw material cartridge on a large scale BGA packaging chips such as the motherboard chipset (Chipset) raw disk Mounter is placed in the file name. One Mounter usually have multiple raw disk at the same time, but the component size should be that almost in order to facilitate the operation of the mechanical arm.
SMT (SMT sub-high-speed, medium speed, good brand, Fujitsu, elegant code and Kazakhstan, etc.) hit the PCB. .
North Bridge, South Bridge, BIOS, etc through the SMT Mounter batch installation.
Main job is to chip and other high-precision components placed on the finished PCB, after welding. As the chip particles sophisticated and demanding welding process, it is impossible through the manual. A complete SMT production line is a few units to complete the placement machine, according to the size of different components, the component mounting machine nozzle from each other, usually is the first paste of small components, while larger chips such as motherboards chipsets are carried out in the last patch installed. .
The above picture is the Mounter, but the picture below and the machine is connected to multiple "slip" in the us on board common electronic components. Mounter is the chip through the robot into the PCB, the entire process from a computer monitor. According to the relevant person in charge, while the entire process is carried out by the machine, but prior to the commissioning work was done by the artificial, if you are debugging, machine SMD speed will be increased significantly.
Another small patch machine. .
Stick a little Mounter according to preset program actions, manipulator in the appropriate raw disk using suction nozzle draw components, the corresponding location on the PCB, the use of laser system components for corrective action, and finally the pressure placed in the appropriate position for welding.
Medium-speed placement machine is more accurate small. .
Medium-Mounter, this model at a speed of 0. .2X ~ 0. .3X sec/piece, it operational processes through the establishment of single-chip sets, and the use of laser correction system. We at the factory to see the two patches work, according to reports, the two biggest difference is that the latter's programmable ability, but a little slower. When comparing the output of the motherboard, SONY is appropriate. If this is the batch specification of smaller, more complex, the latter Mounter.
SONY placement machine manufactured entirely by computer control, a high degree of automation, taking material, location, placement and so much to process at one go. .
Patch is complete, access to thermal oven heating, melting the solder paste for wave soldering machine welding.
All SMD components installation is complete, eligible products will be sent to reflow soldering machine. Reflow soldering machine is divided into several temperature zones within the cycle of heating system, using a variety of materials as solder paste composition, differences in temperature will cause the paste state changes. .
Gradually cured solder.
Heating installation is complete, the temperature at about 220 degrees, the solder solidification, and cooling baked. In the high temperature solder paste into a liquid state when, SMD components easily combined with welding; into the colder temperature zone, the solder paste into a solid state device pins and the PCB will be firmly welded up. .
■ Tips: Board welding methods.
◎ wave soldering (Wave Soldering):. .
This allows all the parts on the PCB welding at one time. First pin cutting close to the Board, and slightly curved to make parts can be fixed. Then the PCB will be moved to help the solvent water waves on the bottom of the contact to help solvent, so that you can apply at the bottom of the metal oxide to remove. PCB in heating, then move to the melting of the solder, and the bottom contact was completed after welding.
◎ then flow back into the welding (Over Reflow Soldering):. .
Automatic welding SMT parts, Erlitou solvent and solder paste welding material, in the part is installed on the PCB after the first treatment, after treatment of PCB heated once again. After cooling to PCB welding is done.
Of course, sometimes the machine will go wrong, reflow soldering, the final process is through ICT (online testing) testing. Special test stage, quality controller chip using a plastic template and the control PCB, PCB, components used to detect whether the weld, the location is put is, whether the strict welding, welding and other pin is connected. .
Human review.
SMD components installed, the need for PCB board's initial test. .
After welding, the line of monitors to be visually checked carefully, avoiding bad because the process of vulnerability into the following process. Quality inspection machine is very advanced, PCB Board simply placed on the bench, the sensors and the computer will automatically complete the reservation of testing. The basic board processing is complete, each piece of PCB is number.
ICT failed quality control PCB SMT production line will be sent to the maintenance department of the emergence of artificial joints, position and modify weld components, modified and then return to ICT. .
This work of SMT line has come to an end, and the last one was the examination, each piece-of-line boards are carefully checked through to the next section.
PCB SMT production line by said board of semi-finished products can be compared to its intelligent operation of mechanized equipment, DIP hand insertion / Decoration production line is much simpler, where hand-work, natural line workers to be more than the SMT. .
It is made of operatives performed manually, docked components include CPU sockets, ISA, PCI and AGP slot, memory slot, BIOS socket, capacitance, jumper, Crystal, etc..
Special attention in the production process ESD (electrostatic discharge) protection, equipment, all grounding; production were all wearing anti-static clothing and shoes, wearing a anti-static gloves, static conductive and then have to wear the hand loop. Are anti-static packaging products have to ensure that products are not subject to the production process of electrostatic damage. .
Some consumers may not know, ESD, electronic products, particularly for IC products have great harm because of electrostatic discharge even though it was a moment, but a very high voltage, high available to tens of thousands of volts and therefore very easy to IC breakdown, breakdown after the results may not turn on, or function, the effect is more terrible life, there is a possibility that electric shocks were no problem, but wait until after using some time absurd motherboard is broken, this IC is typically static damage results.
Each is only responsible for 12, when board from the front through, from the side feed box out parts put up is it, so can be said simply the extreme but also very monotonous work. .
After SMT machine and blameless in numerous circuits are bare.
Before entering the production line, they must be quality inspection, a process known as the IQC (feed quality control). .
PCB on the DIP line, operatives as scheduled docking order parts into the appropriate location of PCB, because these components, such as memory slot such large components on the machine are unable to automate the whole process needs to be updated by multiple workers to participate in the operation.
The workers are reclaiming installation. .
The installation process.
Installation process. .
The following is the result of many road workers, already after the motherboard has somewhat.
Completed slightly faster motherboard. .
In wave soldering and should be completed before the flux. Board solder quality depends on the components PIN is easy bonding Tin, Tin, Tin-pulp quality mixture of temperature, speed of SN-pulp, pulp and the height of the Board, even in the furnace of Tin paste residue for how long time will also be affected. After soldering products also needed foot some of the components of long tube feet cut off, so that when you install the motherboard after long pin contact with the chassis. Then check the solder joint, there are no virtual welded or glued together.
All designated components by inserting after receiving the PCB with automatic transmission into the wave soldering machine, wave soldering machine is automatic welding equipment, in its first part will be welded connectors spray flux, through the ranges of temperature change heating of the PCB. .
Wave soldering machine of the second part is a high temperature of the liquid Tin stove, it flows evenly and smoothly, to prevent its oxidation, usually at its surface is covered with a layer of oil. PCB passes after the use of its high temperature of the liquid Tin and flux of the connectors firmly welded on the PCB.
Welding end of the PCB board but also a number of components by hand on the trim pin, because the majority of components in the plug has been pre-processed, so a small number of cutting the pin, at this stage but also on whether the location of welded components correct and weld, welding, etc. even repair. .
Qualified products into cleaning equipment for welding of harmful fluxes used for cleaning, the cleaning methods are washed and chemical washing, cleaning and passed back-end of the washing machine and drying equipment drying on the PCB. There are many motherboard manufacturers begin to use the no-clean flux, eliminates cleaning process.
Manual cleaning of the PCB through the installation of the BIOS chip and batteries, jumper cap, and heat sinks, they made up a complete motherboard. .
This page, we intercept the motherboard line prepared some raw materials and accessories. In the market and buy a motherboard, we will find the same kind of chipset motherboard, the difference between different brands. Largely depends on the research and development costs, promotional costs of inputs, brand spreads and dealer profit margins. These differences, we are concerned about and see the difference between the material and the quality of the material may affect motherboard compatibility, stability, and reliability.
Buy motherboard market, you need to pay attention to material selection board, that is, we often say the board "material", which directly affects the life of the motherboard, and use, if you want to CPU overclocking it more necessary for careful Oh. Below we list some of our familiar image:. .
The right side is responsible for the motherboard, power supply of the rectifier coil power supply stable CPU need his help.
Mouse keyboard interface. .
Fan connectors.
■ Market shopping experience:. .
◎ Plug-in.
Number of connectors in the motherboard to CPU socket (seat), DIMM slots, AGP slot and several PCI slots which is most important, be sure to choose a good brand, especially in the first three slots. For the slot material, brand and other well-known motherboard manufacturers use FOXCONN products, the interface part is thick gold layer, can be repeatedly plug and ensure good contact with various types of cards to reduce the board's software fault phenomenon. .
CPU socket neck and neck in a two-tier, two-storey there is a difference between the material (you can see the color and texture), the underlying requirements of high temperature resistant, but stronger than some rigid because it is in a furnace heat will pass the Socket 478 pins below to lower the temperature, if not high temperature resistance, rigidity badly, then it becomes deformed, as long as there is a slight deformation, can cause the motherboard unstable problems occur.
Upper material while not in need of such high demand, but inside the reed requires sufficient strength, in addition to materials required for plating the surface of solid and durable. Badly brand outlet in harsh environments (such as hot and humid) over time, or plug more often, may lead to unreliable contacts, reed and CPU pin contact point increase in electrical resistance. However, like AGP, PCI and ISA slots, which have both rigid reed inside it requires a certain degree of flexibility, so as to ensure that even after repeated mating to ensure reliable contact. .
◎ Electrolytic Capacitor.
Electrolytic capacitor, said here refers to the CPU socket (seat) near the "big one" electrolytic capacitors, which are from the filtering effect. You can see the capacitor capacitance, temperature, voltage. Capacitance and humidity which the two parameters of the more important! . .
Capacitance value should be at least above the 1000u F degree of large capacity values for the filter effect is better; in addition the temperature of this parameter is the capacitance of the maximum working temperature, the temperature in the vicinity of the CPU. If a capacitance of the maximum working temperature is 85 degrees would achieve their critical state, causing its filtering performance, effective resistance increases, increases, resulting in the leakage current CPU working unstable. This kind of electrolytic capacitor General SANYO and Ruby brand of electrolytic capacitors.
Motherboard capacitor is divided into units system and Japanese are two Japanese brands: NICHICON, RUBICON, RUBYCON (Ruby), KZG, SANYO (Sanyo), PANASONIC (Panasonic), NIPPON, FUJITSU (Fujitsu), etc.; Taiwan Department of brands: TAICON, G-LUXCON, TEAPO, CAPXON, OST, GSC, RLS, etc.. .
In General, better performance of capacitance, voltage, temperature, life, and so on more than one line capacitance is outstanding, the capacitor "burst in the early pulp" incident, which occurred in Japanese capacitors, so if you want to select a high stability chaopinxing, motherboards, take a look at the capacitor on the motherboard. Taiwan Department of capacitor although performance is relatively marginal, but if the Board of PCB design, copper foil alignment more specification, then in use generally get, besides using station capacitance motherboard chaopinxing is not necessarily bad.
◎ power supply circuit board. .
We know the supply circuit board is the Board's power, it consists of capacitance, voltage coil block, filter, regulator and controller ICS blocks, etc. components that filter circuit using his heat-resistant temperature of 105 degrees at 3300-method of electrolytic capacitors, this choice was motivated on the filtering effect and heat into account, because the CPU temperature is great when it works, this is bound to use heat-resistant temperature high of electrolytic capacitors to supply circuit and output stability.
Copper thick, evenly spaced, so that the output current stability and pure. .
Power supply circuit filter inductance uses core inductor, whose main characteristic is the inductance, output smoothing, while using a single filter inductance, copper wire wound is bulky, evenly spaced so that the output current stable and pure.
Capacitance-name motherboard quality and capacity, so the number of plug capacitance distribution of jerry-building, stability and performance of their products can imagine. .
Docking before components must undergo IQC testing, for some less pin capacitor, resistor must be trimmed to docking operations.
Xinmao plant scale test line is not smaller than the production line, such strict management, to ensure a high pass rate. .
View to see if there is leakage welding defects and so on.
After manual inspection, the board in order to ensure the quality of each piece, all products have the power test, which is the CPU, memory, graphics card is installed, then power test to ensure the process through the Road, all the motherboard Dounengzhengchang work. .
Testing group, every blade of boards to pass into the hands of workers.
In addition to producing a finished board appearance during the regular inspection and welding inspection, the real electrical performance must also be detected by the actual application platform. First of all, use common chassis, power supply to the PCB's power supply part of the test, to determine the correct power supply and then into the machine platform performance testing. .
Because the process of electrical testing has been slow, in order to ensure product quality and production speed, this process requires a lot of workers while at the same time. All boards are subject to DOS and WindowsXP two environments functionality testing, test the various features of the motherboard is properly.
Testers with a headset, to be tested every audio function. .
This test platform using the configuration of the currently popular on the motherboard of the stability, compatibility and various simulation software work environment for testing, inspection process often also on the motherboard plus Debug card (Post Code Card) monitoring system for errors, an error occurs when the Debug error code card will show that the staff can check the code corresponds to the part of the circuit.
After testing the motherboard will be marked "QC OK" sign, to the next one packaging process. .
We see a large Board, often see a barcode, bar code, we can see the page, in fact, in the middle of the detector. Since the elite motherboard each piece with bar code, which makes it easy for manufacturers for quality tracking. Once you are reworking of the motherboard, then use barcode detection instrument can be traced to the production line is do make a mistake, or even accurate to one of the workers.
We can Kandao all production and lines form to record, daily subscription plan, completion, qualified Shuai Deng Deng to be published in the computer records Haiyoudaliang, to facilitate timely adjustment of production plan management. Not only the production of elite production of motherboards, but also carry a large number of OEM orders, if the unreasonable arrangement and production work will be significantly affected, or even according to the quality and quantity of delivery. .
The Board also require further testing, but from there, it is not a measurement of each motherboard will. This step is OQC (shipment inspection), check whether the order requires the Board to test the number of boards in accordance with the request, such as a batch from each slice of 800 50 tablets to test, of course, a problem will not work, will be dishonored Bill.
After the motherboard into the box labeled, and then turn into the accessories and manuals, will direct packaging. Packaged in storage before the board also must OQC (the final process quality control) of sampling, sampling every 100 products from the extract 20 for testing. Sampling process and the application of online testing platform similar, but the testing requirement is higher and more stringent testing of a batch if there are products that can not be achieved by detecting a certain level, this batch will be considered unqualified to be re- rework. .
You can see on the motherboard of the production process, the strict and comprehensive detection means provides the best guarantee of the product, sampling qualified products goes into the product area and pack the shipment.
Despite a 100% strict inspection, though has finished packing, but these motherboards can not off the assembly line, waiting for them to be more strict sampling tests. I visited the current five board Xinmao factory assembly line sampling performed by the standard pumping test every 800 samples of 50, if the random testing on products that appear in the unqualified, then these goods will be re-tested to determine the cause of the problem. .
Throughout the manufacturing process, ECS has adopted the "Shop-Floor" information system, the system through the barcode tracking system board assembly process. This allows EMC can cross reference, and step by step from the "Shop" (retailers, after-sales service and RMA) into the "Floor" (production assembly line) reverse tracing the faulty parts or technical error. This makes it easier to manufacturers for quality tracking. Once you are reworking of the motherboard, then use barcode detection instrument can be traced to the production line is do make a mistake, or even accurate to one of the workers.
During a visit to the last, we get a vendor permit, exclusive exposure of the elite board of the new plant, as has not been established, we can only skim the surface of the saw again in the outside, in fact, clear mind, which is preparing to build elite motherboard China's largest "city board." .
Vision, is the land of the factory.
The new motherboard factory gate. .
The new factory building.
The spacious floor staff quarters. .
The entire factory visits to this end, the movie feels like. Finally we need a summation.
Mentioned earlier, a lot of motherboard production, and finally we would like to conclude, also talked about the situation of some elite. .
Many Taiwanese enterprises too board manufacturing margins, turn into a bio-technology, familiar with the cards market friends can see, a lot of strong brands, brands while stock market value, but the Board products are better than one wave of a wave. While the elite has been focused on board manufacturing, so whenever the product quality is guaranteed.
In the eyes of many DIYer, computer accessories is a personalized full of products, but through a tour of three facilities in the best of the computer industry have an intuitive understanding of all the original parts is through daily contact with so many complex process made of. Of course, from the initial raw materials to the finished product last Baishangguitai, only production is not enough, R & D, procurement system, marketing system, which is not inferior to the module production plant, which is the industry leader in the elite . .
Elite computer Lee Ming Chinese area General Manager.
■ the reasons for rapid growth in sales and revealing. .
Elite 2005 host Board in mainland China estimated sales volume is expected to break through the 600 million pieces. Among them, the DIY market nearly 3% from a year to more than double the retail growth 1, 2006, China's hopes for goal is total shipments compared to 30 percent growth this year (estimated 780 000 tablets).
Current monthly production capacity of 2.2 million, the number of orders has exceeded capacity, up to 2.5 million / month, the elite's goal is to expand the board next year to 3 million / month, desktop machine 500,000 units / month. The merger Tatung PC Division, the elite computer revenue for the year was estimated at more than 400 billion Taiwan dollars, Tatung PC division was more than 500 billion Taiwan dollars, the official merger in January next year, elite computer in the coming year is expected to total income break through 100 billion NT dollars.Also allows both sides of the business, the customer will also occur in complementary, coupled with the elite and Intel and AMD are getting closer and closer cooperation, does not exclude the future there will be further cooperation! January 2006, after the merger, it is not difficult to estimate the elite computer years overall revenue is expected to break through the hundreds of billions of dollars.
The main reason for our growth in 2005 down to a few. The first is external, the second and third quarter chipset shortage, which may involve the tight global energy, solar technology is a lot of development, solar panels in Europe, America, Middle East sales surge, while the solar panels is silicon raw materials, The most upstream supplier capacity constraints, can not provide enough chips to provide small and medium companies, with Taiwan's Advanced Semiconductor Engineering IC packaging and other 多种 Chungli factory fire causes have resulted in the second and third line of motherboards large quantities decline, or even withdraw, accelerate the large first-tier motherboard market Plant growing quickly! . .
Elite computer Global Marketing Director, Mr. Zhou Shuo.
The future of the Main Board will be a bigger the pattern, especially when the second and third quarter of serious shortage of chips, the entire Yetai performance in particular. Second and third line of the mainstream chip vendors is difficult to maintain a normal supply of the market, which is Taiwan-tier companies sales in 2005 generally known for one of the important reasons. .
We hope that this change, cheap motherboard is not a bad motherboard. Since the elite card early targeted most low-end users, many consumers will take it for granted that elite technical strength is poor, but it is not to say that the production of high-end, feature-rich product requires technical strength, with the same performance, maintain the same stability, most significantly lower costs, allow consumers to enjoy benefits, the technical strength of support.
Future development trend of the current board. 1, the bigger; 2, concentration of resources increases vertical integration. .
Board factory tour, and finally we did not forget to bring brings delicious meals. Years ago, we have been envisaged Intel and AMD processor can use the same motherboard, this is what we have to dream, and now our elite motherboard found the answer to this is the ECS PF88 Extreme, also known as extreme stars.
Intel LGA775 and AMD Scoket939 exist! . .
? Intel and AMD processor architecture is quite different from that of the elite how Intel and AMD compatible?.
The secret lies in the elite full advantage of the north and south bridge architecture. Two components of the current chip design, the first is a single chip all the functions are integrated together, such as NVIDIA's nForce 3,4 and ULi's M1689, most of the current single-chip designs are based on AMD K8-based, it is because the K8 memory controller built-in processor, therefore chipset R & D are relatively simple. .
While the other is functional on two of chip called the North Bridge and South Bridge, North Bridge for connection to the bus and display the card processor communication, high-speed interface and built-in memory controllers, etc., while the South is responsible for a number of lower-speed devices such as hard drives, USB, PCI, etc. This design is very flexible, because some chipset manufacturers, for example, VIA, SiS, ULi has launched AMD and Intel platforms, due to both schema chipset, so you want to use the design specifically for them, but the Northbridge Southbridge functionality is exactly the same, so the southbridge chips two platforms can share.
The ECS is the use of the South Bridge chip, the use of features, the use of Intel's northbridge chip, when the plug SIMA upgrade card and transferred to the appropriate location of the jumpers, as in fact is equal to half of the stone SIMA card Socket 939 motherboards, and has AMD's northbridge chip, so spend as long as the Intel Southbridge Southbridge on the motherboard can be had, by this method so that Intel and AMD last two 8-year separation, "old friends" again come together. .
Power supply module using four-way power supply technology, the entire layout order.
Numerous bright spots form PF88. .
I didn't expect PF88 in addition to supporting both Intel and AMD processors, but also conceal other secret!.
● ultimate PCI (PCI Extreme). .
PF88 provides three PCI slots.
PF88 provides three PCI slots, one PCI slot distinctive yellow, which is using a Sanyo OS-CON capacitors on the PCI slot for an independent filter. Therefore, the PCI slot is applied to plug high-end sound card, video card, that require high-quality signal output of the device, if you want to connect the sound card or a PCI graphics card and other important PCI adapter card, then do not miss, can prioritize the slot. .
● Gold fingers (999 DIMM).
True Finger (999 DIMM). .
Although the picture is still do not see these four different memory slots, and when you see the memory slot on the edge of the DIMM 999 realized it unusual.
True Finger (999 DIMM). .
This elite PF88 adopts gold plating to four memory slots, use the "999" real gold finger DIMM after PF88 Board eliminates the high speed data transmission, improving the quality of data transmission DDR, truly embodies the "golden" fingers of data transmission can be guaranteed, fast and stable work. Also keen on overclocked computer users with hardware performance play good elasticity, enhances overclocking capabilities.
Hat trick (Top-Hat flash). .
In PF88 motherboard elite adopted patent double BIOS technology that not only can prevent all vandalism BIOS virus, but you can let the player switch your BIOS version.
Onboard BIOS. .
When the motherboard onboard BIOS is corrupted after (devastation as CIH virus, refresh failed, etc.), check out PF88 motherboard with plate attached Top-Hat Flash (upper BIOS), directly plugged into the motherboard onboard BIOS, installation should pay attention to upper BIOS and the lack of on-board BIOS. And then restart the computer, the operating system, BIOS, upper deck for live unplugged, and download the BIOS file, and then use the FLASH tool, refresh refreshed onboard BIOS.
Refresh refresh tool can be used DOS, you can also choose to introduce us to the elite behind the design of Windows-based "EZ Flash" to refresh, but only supports Windows2000/XP. .
